
King Umberto I was assassinated in 1900, at which time Vittorio Emanuele became King of Italy. For a time, King Vittorio enjoyed relative peace in his country. However, fourteen years after he became king, World War I began.
Documenting the Italian political and military actions of World War Two

King Umberto I was assassinated in 1900, at which time Vittorio Emanuele became King of Italy. For a time, King Vittorio enjoyed relative peace in his country. However, fourteen years after he became king, World War I began.

Benito Mussolini was born on July 29th, 1883 in the town of Varnano dei Costa near the village of Predappio. His mother Rosa Maltoni was married to a blacksmith named Alessandro Mussolini. Alessandro, being an admirer of the Mexican revolutionary Benito Juarez, named his son after the patriot and hero.

Gian Galeazzo Ciano was born in Livorno, Italy on 18 March 1903. He was the son of Admiral Costanzo Ciano, who had won the medal of honor in World War I. Ciano inherited the dreams and ideals of his father and eventually moved to Rome to pursue his career.

He was promoted Marshal on October 29, 1942. He became King of Italy as Umberto II on May 10, 1946 after the abdication of his father. But when the Italians voted in a referendum to transform their state into a Republic, he had to vacate the throne and left for exile in Switzerland. He died in Geneva on March 18, 1983.
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